Understanding ultrafast all-optical magnetization switching (AOS), i.e. the permanent reversal of the magnetization by the sole action of a femtosecond laser pulse in the absence of any applied magnetic field, is a challenging issue which could have tremendous impact for the magnetic recording industry. While a qualitative agreement between spin atomistic simulations and experiments exists[1],...
Liquid water is the single most important medium in which chemical and biological processes take place. Rather than acting as passive environment, the dynamics of water during chemical and biological processes play a fundamental role in the solvation and stabilization of reaction intermediate. The possibility to generate sub-ps and very intense THz pulses at free-electron lasers in full...